Crystalline materials are solid materials whose atoms or molecules are arranged in a highly ordered, repeating pattern known as a crystal lattice. This orderly arrangement gives crystalline materials their distinct properties, such as sharp melting points, uniform structure, and transparency. Researchers in this field study the structure, properties, and behavior of crystalline materials using techniques like X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and spectroscopy. The applications of crystalline materials are vast, including electronics, optics, materials science, and nanotechnology. By understanding the properties and behavior of crystalline materials, researchers can develop new materials with novel properties and applications.